Heres a beast of an answer, its far too long and its probably crappy, but its a stab lol
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The invention of the transistor paved the way for the development of miniature electronic circuits and profoundly integrated circuits (IC). Devices could now be made that required less space and less power which had far more reliability than existing devices. With the introduction of the transistor, electronic systems have continued to become smaller, more sophisticated and cheaper. It led to the so called computer revolution which has changed our lives greatly. Today, IC’s are used in a huge variety of microprocessor based equipment, ranging from mobile phones and calculators to ATM’s. The first microprocessors appeared in 1971 and have been reducing in size ever since.
Fast computers and tiny electronics have connected the world in an incredible amount of ways. For example, communication technologies have increased in efficiency and reliability, and are so advanced that through GPS, they are able to pin point any location on Earth to within a few metres. This has had a profound impact on missile and war technology, satellite technology and communication technology. It is now possible to speak and communicate with others all the way around the world, wirelessly and cheaply.
Computers no longer require a full cooling system and a store room full of computer circuits. They can now process huge volumes of information which has reduced repetitive manual labour. Transistors are particularly useful in memory chips. They control the flow of charges to a tiny capacitor. Other transistors act as amplifiers when information is retrieved.
In terms of environmental impact, there are positives and negatives. It has led to the development of solar cells in an attempt to battle scarce resources and reduce our dependence on fossil fuels. There is less pollution because transistors require less energy to run. Furthermore, there is no EMR produced from transistors. The main ingredient of semiconductors, silicon, is also an extremely abundant material.
On the other hand, while transistors are small in size, they have contributed to waste disposal problems. The process of producing transistors uses more toxic chemical and creates pollution, especially on non-degradable plastics which disturb the ecosystem when they are thrown away.
In summary:
- less air pollution
- increased globalisation
- creates new skills in terms of computer use
- rapid development in robotic technology
- miniaturised devices which were previously space intensive
- better medial diagnosis and treatment methods
- major companies and banks are advanced by microchips in their computers
- reduces labour and increases unemployment
- increases inequality of wealth between nations
- allows increased access to information for all
- increased individual satisfaction and entertainment
- Reduced social and ethical codes
Essentially impacts of the transistor have occurred in communication, technology, daily lives, and of course the environment. These impacts have on the whole been positive to society as they have greatly improved living standards and encouraged rapid growth in many areas of science.
