a strat that i do is typing 'dot point essays' as its just way faster but is more of a 'coming up with ideas on how to tackle a question' than practicing writing essays.
if u had a few of these or normal draft essays that cover the syllabus dot points u should be set, as usually ur just able to...
depends on the question, but generally it's better to argue something that u have evidence for rather than try to force an argument that u cannot explain adequately.
i don't do Russia as my national study so this might not be very accurate but:
if there's a question like "how significant was...
the marking rubric on the hsc basically says what u need:
1 - "addresses the question", "sophisticated and sustained argument", "comprehensive understanding of the issue(s) raised in the question"
so just atq all throughout your essay (make sure everything is relevant to ur argument and show it...
there would be an E field going clockwise by Faraday's Law, correct?
regardless of current or resistance of the voltmeter, would not the positive and negative terminals for a component always match the direction of the E field across it (which would be clockwise hence up from P to Q)?
just like...
current goes from +ve to -ve.
since current goes clockwise, it goes from P to Q and so P is +ve, Q is -ve.
note this reasoning doesnt work for power sources such as batteries, because inside the battery the current goes the opposite direction.
current indeed goes clockwise.
buuut the V on the diagram is not a power source - so if P is positive and Q is negative current will go +ve to -ve and take the shortest route (through V), matching the clockwise current.
for a battery, current will go the long way around from +ve to -ve, and then...