scuse my innocence, but whats a "bedtime proverb"?
i think ill chuck a frigid and post up a little bit of fun "light reading" here for yall to enjoy
The Greek philosopher Epictetus once remarked, “Man is not disturbed by events, but by the view he takes of them…”- that is to say, a stimulus has no innate meaning except the personal significance we attach to it. The placebo (Latin for “I shall be pleasing) is a modern example of this very concept. Known to laymen as the ‘sugar pill’, doctors throughout the last century have hotly debated the mechanisms by which placebos appear to elicit a physical response from the patient. Some skeptics dismiss it as medical ‘quackery’ whilst others swear by its effectiveness. Ben Wyld in “If pain persists consult your doctor for swift, sweet relief” is so bold as to suggest that “Placebos may one day have a legitimate place in medical treatment”. Whether a miracle cure or diabolical scam, we must be able to consider four key domains in any given article (authority, accuracy, objectivity and currency) in order to evaluate its value in relation to other sources of contemporary literature. Throughout the course of this discussion I shall critically evaluate the wealth of attitudes towards placebos from different textual media in relation to each other, and the prescribed newspaper article in establishing a personal informed opinion.
The ‘placebo’ could be defined as medical treatment which has no proven clinical effect but produces comparably favourable outcomes in patients with certain conditions. “A placebo could be pharmacological (e.g., a tablet), physical (e.g., a manipulation), or psychological (e.g., a conversation)” (Hrobjartsson & Gotzsche, 2001). Two mechanisms that have been proposed for explaining this seemingly perplexing phenomenon are the “conditioning model” (biological) and the “expectancy model” (psychological).
According to the conditioning model, previous participation in medical treatment and their outcomes (it might be a swift recovery or negative associations of doctors in white coats) strongly influences how they are likely to react in future encounters. The reaction is not unlike the Russian physiologist Pavlov’s notable experiment in which dogs learnt to associate a bell with feeding over time and therefore developed a conditioned response of salivation upon hearing a bell. Likewise, if a patient consistently experienced favourable outcomes after being treated by a particular physician, then s/he might make a recovery on subsequent occasions where placebo was used. This is because the patient has a reasonable belief that the physician will solve the problem.
A subtly different theory is that of the “expectancy model”. In short, the patient will experience outcomes in accordance with his or her initial expectations since the body works synergistically with the mind. In a certain experiment, 80 percent of volunteers who were given plain water vomited after they were told they were instead given an emetic (Fields, 1997). This is in accordance with one quote in the article, which maintains that “The belief or expectation that an individual has, that they will experience pain relief [when given treatment], initiates biological action”.