I only argue using classical propositional logic, but like most, its all I know (and even then I know little). Saving the details is there another form of logic which supersedes it?
How did you feel in respect to the value of science while studying medicine?
I mean technically you could call into question the "truth" of everything your learning. The "facts" in your pharmacology class are only facts under the system of enquiry we have created (yet I know of no other way). Is the scientific method arbitary? What do you think of the real "truth"?
On logic: you probably use a naive/folk form of modal logic without realising it (modal --> dealing in possibility/necessity), but the subtleties which emerge through formalisation are quite interesting. Special logics which are interesting, but perhaps lest obviously useful, are paraconsistent logic (which permits contradiction, leading most logicians to reject it bar a courageous few) and intuitionistic logic which does not assume that a proposition must be either true or false (i.e. 'p OR not p' - the law of the excluded middle) without a proof one way or the other. Intuitionism has actually been utilised within
certain branches of mathematics since it emphasises 'construction' of mathematical entities and so is more grounded than mainstream mathematics which will posit 'Platonic' entities at whim.
On science: I'm yet to go back actually (3 years med, 2 years arts, 2 years med). No doubt it will force me to be more critical, probably in a good way for the most part - there is a lot of mumbo jumbo in medicine where tradition and custom pass for truth. Evidence-based medicine is slowly eliminating this, though perhaps at the expense of ceremony (with all the placebo benefit it brings). In general I find that I can bracket off skepticism when it comes to medicine. Something like anatomy is pretty hard to doubt. Molecular biology is a little more touch-and-go (so a million lever looking thingies latch onto cable like things, break down energy, go 'woosh' and then make the sperm wiggle its tail). I survive.
Also, you seem to love Kant.
Don't you think the whole "categorical imperative" would fail pragmatically?
Haha, Kant is cool, but he is mainly on my mind because I have just been studying him and am about to write an essay (on where his theoretical and moral philosophies collide). Certainly I think that he is worth consulting on a range of issues given that he brings interesting and relatively sophisticated views to the table - to the extent that he is still of great relevance to contemporary cognitive science, theology, moral and legal theory, politics (e.g. the relevance of Kant on 'perpetual peace' to institutions like U.N., or the League of Nations in the past) and so on.