Compounds/oddities to know (1 Viewer)

[bloodvial]

Been looking around for a while now and I've never seen a conclusive list of what compounds/flame test colours/valencies/how many H+ ions acids give up etc. So I thought I'd start a communal list unless someone's already found something?

I'll edit this post as people add things...

Polyatomic ions:
SO4 2-
SO3 2-
SO2 2-
NO3 -
CH3COO -
NH4 +

Acids:
H2SO4
HCL
CH3COOH

Bases:
NaOH

Flame colours:
Li - red
Na - orange
K - lilac
Ca - orange/red
Ba - pale green
Cu - blue-green


I'm sure there are heaps more I've left off...

 

[someth1ng]

SO2 2-

What the hell is that? In HSC, you probably only need the flame colours of barium, calcium and copper.

The acids you need to know are:

Strong:
HCl
HNO3
H2SO4

Weak:
H2CO3
H2SO3 (gets a mention)
CH3COOH
HNO2
C6H8O7

 

[Merase]

Common substances (acidic, neutral, or basic):
Acidic - aspirin, wine, lemon juice, vinegar, ammonium ions in hair dye (NH4+), urine (uric acid)
Basic - cloudy ammonia (NH3), antacid tablets, oven cleaners, blood (ph 7.35)
Neutral - water (distilled or pure for an exact ph of 7), sugar, salt

When calculating averages, discard outliers when appropriate e.g. finding the average titre or misc MC questions
Formic acid = methanoic acid; acetic acid = ethanoic acid
Alkanes and alkenes C1 to C4 are gaseous (g), and C5 onwards are liquids (l).
Carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO), and dinotrogen peroxide (N2O, aka nitrous oxide) are neutral gases.
Acid food additives: ascorbic acid (vitamin C) for nutritional value; phosphoric acid for carbonated drink acidification; sulfate as a preservative; and acetic acid (ethanoic acid) for vinegar flavoring.
Lead precipitate forms with the addition of iodine ions. Lead flame colour is blue, but generally not attempted due to the formation of toxic lead vapours.