No, the remainder is the thing you neglect. The point of long division is you can write:
p(x)/q(x) = f(x) + r(x)/q(x)
where r is your remainder and deg(r) < deg(q). Since q has higher degree than r, the ratio r/q tends to zero for large x, so p/q has an oblique asymptote f.
You can also use the method where you add and take away stuff on the numerator to make it look similar to your denominator and divide, giving you a HA or OA. But I've heard it's a confusing method, so it depends what you're more comfortable with.