As everyone else said, it's set notation for all real numbers.
Real numbers include integers, rationals and irrationals such as

, but stop short of including imaginary numbers like

.
Sometimes it will be written

, which means the same thing.
Here are some other ones that you may encounter:

(natural numbers)

(integers)

(rationals)

(complex numbers)
You can also add a superscripted sign to place further restrictions.
e.g.

means positive integers.