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Memorising your whole essay is not impossible and is in fact very useful; in the sense that you learn to ADAPT your essay to the question and changing things around to suit it, and not just writing it out word for word as you practiced it. As for essay plans, it really depends on your adaptability but IMO with the amount of pressure and stress I feel when i'm in an exam and I first look at the question, it helps that I have a pre-written essay up my sleeve to adjust to the question. As for the short story, same principle applies but it is crucial that you change vital things such as the setting to fit your chosen stimulus.My tip: Don't.
It's almost impossible to memorize an entire essay. However, it's not hard to memorize a good thesis and supporting arguments. Essay plans are better preps than rewriting entire essays. As for the short story, keep a loose idea at the back of your head with a couple of characters and good, good smilies and you will be fine.